The Exemplary Hope, Obedience and Care of Paul and Timothy...

INTRODUCTION Paul’s letter to the church at Philippi is very tame when compared to those he wrote to other churches, such as those at Galatia and Corinth (292). This proves to be the case in Philippians 2:19-24. In these six verses Paul is intending to communicate two main points: (1) He believes that Timothy is a respectable teacher of God’s word, and he wants the Philippian congregation to recognize this (Phil 2:22); (2) Paul intends for Timothy’s visit to be encouraging to the Philippian brethren, and for their encouragement to be reciprocated in himself. In writing this section of verses, Paul also communicates another message through implication. Paul is sending Timothy to the church in Philippi because he is unable to go†¦show more content†¦Although Paul’s tone is indicative that he foresees a likelihood of death in his near future, his use of jElpivzw adds dissonance to this idea. Marvin Vincent believes that Paul is not claiming freedom from a dea th sentence. Rather, he is demonstrating his desire to live, and then framing that desire within the context of his submission to Christ’s will (73). On the other hand, Gordon Clark affirms that Paul is counting on living longer, and that his mention of sacrifice in verse 17 was purely metaphorical. Paul uses a a†pax legovmenon, ÃŽ µÃ¡ ½ ÃË†Ãâ€¦Ãâ€¡Ã¡ ¿ ¶, which has no equitable English translation, carries the idea of â€Å"taking to heart† or â€Å"sincerely internalizing† something (78). Paul is communicating the important nature of the mission that Timothy is undertaking. In the final portion of this pericope, Paul reveals that he is waiting on a change, or a sign, before he sends Timothy. However, in verse 19 he uses the adjective tacevwV. This indicates the depth and genuine nature of the trust Paul had in Jesus. Paul relies [ejn] Jesus to deliver him, as he hopes in him. Not only does Paul hope to send him after his current situation is cleared up (verse 24), but he hopes to send him soon. Paul clearly demonstrates his faith by his actions and reliance upon the power of prayer, and the power of Jesus [God] to deliver those who trust and hope in him. This [tacevwV] is

Research On Social Justice Theme - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 571 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/08/16 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Racial Discrimination Essay Did you like this example? Most   of   the complaints have   different applications of the death penalty, police brutality, racial profiling, sentencing disparity, and different   treatment of minorities by the Criminal   justice system. Everything that happens in court is suppose to be lawful and took into consideration, that your life could be on the line and how many years being spent could affect you and the people around you. The color of someone skin shouldnt be a reason to put them in jail but the supreme court should be a reason to send a person to jail if their in a wrong of doing illegal activities. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Research On Social Justice Theme" essay for you Create order The United States is very corrupted in my opinion and also other countries as well is manipulated by judges and their opinions of what they think people stand before them deserve in terms of how many years they could be serving if the judge doesnt come to a conclusion in which could be the right way of sending them to prison. Despite the fact that whites engage in drug offenses at a higher rate than blacks do, blacks are incarcerated for drug offenses at a rate that is 10 times greater than that of whites. If you notice how when the same person commit same crime with different color is judged differently than the person that committed the same exact crime.The criminal justice system is largely incapable of preventing crime is that law enforcement, courts, and corrections are institutions; they respond to crimes already committed rather than addressing the root causes of criminal behavior before they get into crime. This is not a long period of the efforts of law enforcement or corrections officers that works in prison. The criminal justice system simply does not have the resources, and people with support or the abilities   to deal with most   of criminal behavior. Over the past several years, the use of race by law enforcement,   in their policing skills has received a big amount of   attention across the country. The difference in talking about racial profiling has always been on police departments practices examining whether police have targeted drivers based on their race o r ethnicity. A lot of sources that evidence has suggested that some departments may be treating drivers of some races or ethnicities differently than white drivers. Using different definitions have made   the debate over racial profiling a little bit known. A small percentage among these means that people are often discussing different types of police practices, and behavior. The fact remains that racial profiling began long ago before their powerful authorities seen on highways and city streets alike where minorities are stopped. This country has a history of profiling minorities, from the inhuman enslavement of millions of Africans during the period   of slavery, to the unlawful imprisonment and minorities around the country have consistently been the targets of racial profiling. The problem is far deeper than just black and white; its roots lie at the economic, social, and political disparities that African Americans enjoy over minorities in this country. These differences are a result of a system based on class status and, two attributes enjoyed far more widely by the mainstream population than minorities. For centuries race relations between people of color and white people in the United States have been strained. From slavery, to Reconstruction, to post Reconstruction to Jim Crow, privileges for white people and discrimination against people of color have been the rule, not the exception.

Introduction. In Their 1995 Book Tinkering Toward Utopia

Introduction In their 1995 book Tinkering Toward Utopia: A Century of Public School Reform, Tyack and Cuban explained that the idea of a â€Å"retarded† student began in the mid-nineteenth century. Such students were originally defined as those who were slow learners and unable to promote to the next age-appropriate grade alongside their peers. The concept of different children developing at different rates led to the formation of the IQ test. The categorization of students by their level of intelligence followed suit. By the early twentieth century, special schools were developed for retarded children to provide them with opportunities for intellectual growth equal to those of their peers. As the twentieth century wore on and racial†¦show more content†¦It revised, expanded, and consolidated the criteria for dozens of disorders. It replaced the term â€Å"mental retardation† with â€Å"intellectual disability† and provided diagnostic criteria and proced ural guidelines for dozens of such disorders. The definition it gives for intellectual disability is as follows: Intellectual disability (intellectual developmental disorder) is a disorder with onset during the developmental period that includes both intellectual and adaptive functioning deficits in conceptual, social, and practical domains. The following three criteria must be met: A. Deficits in intellectual functions†¦confirmed by both clinical assessment and individualized, standardized intelligence testing. B. Deficits in adaptive functioning that result in failure to meet developmental and socio-cultural standards for personal independence and social responsibility. Without ongoing support, the adaptive deficits limit functioning in one or more activities of daily life†¦across multiple environments, such as home, school, work, and community. C. Onset of intellectual and adaptive deficits during the developmental period. (p.33) In the context of education, the criteria for some intellectual disabilities, such as autism, vary from state to state. Federal guidelines do not require states to use the DSM-V to identify these disorders. Furthermore, understanding of the processes of identifying and coding intellectual disability is lackingShow MoreRelatedOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pages. Organization Theory Challenges and Perspectives John McAuley, Joanne Duberley and Phil Johnson . This book is, to my knowledge, the most comprehensive and reliable guide to organisational theory currently available. What is needed is a text that will give a good idea of the breadth and complexity of this important subject, and this is precisely what McAuley, Duberley and Johnson have provided. They have done some sterling service in bringing together the very diverse strands of work

Analysis Of Chronicle Of A Death Foretold By Gabriel Marquez

In Chronicle of a Death Foretold, Gabriel Marquez employs the motif of flowers within the novel to illustrate the role of women within a Latin American society; the cultural and symbolic implications of this associate flowers with purity, victimization, gender barriers, and deceit. In doing so, Marquez creates a microcosm of Latin America, exposing the core of Columbian culture and society with all its aspects such as ethnicity, and social norms and conventions that led to a series of insecurities and poverty in the community, and its affect on the role of women. The cultural context of this novel must first be considered before examining the symbolic importance of flowers. I. Purity In Latin America, where this novel is based, the flowers represent the purity of women; therefore, Marquez utilizes the symbol of flowers or flower buds to represent virginity. The female figures are mainly associated with this notion of purity; however, it is paralleled by the machismo concept of honor. In Colombian culture, honor is perceived as the fundamental moral trait that plays an essential role in keeping society bound to a strict moral pathway. This is paralleled by women’s social constraint of preserving their virginity; being ‘pure’ plays a crucial role in protecting a woman’s sense of virtue and dignity before she is married. For both genders, an individual without honor or without purity is considered an outcast in a Latin American community, as exemplified later in the novel byShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Chronicle Of A Death Foretold By Gabriel Garcia Marquez1567 Words   |  7 Pagesperception of status has vanished and been interchanged by wealth, it is still an essential concept that differentiates one s superior qualities and character in society. This notion of honor is greatly portrayed in the novel Chronicle of a Death Foretold, by Gabriel Garcia Marquez, when Angelica’s brothers kill Santiago Nasar for taking her value as a woman. However, the nature of mystery in the novel also leaves many questions about Santiago s actual guilt in taking Angelica s virginity. As a resultRead MoreWhere Does Ultimate Responsibility Lie for the Death of Santiago Nasar, in Chronicle of a Death Foretold?1733 Words   |  7 PagesWhere Does Ultimate Responsibility lie for the death of Santiago Nasar, in Chr onicle of a Death Foretold? â€Å"On the day they were going to kill him†[1], is the opening to Chronicle of a Death Foretold, by Gabriel Marquez, is a novella written in the form of a pseudo-journalistic reconstruction;, in which the reader is told about the ‘murder death’ from the first line. Here comes the importance of the theme of responsibility; we, along with the narrator, work backwards to unravel the reasonsRead MoreMaria Alejandrina Cervantes in Chronicle of a Death Foretold1239 Words   |  5 PagesMaria Alejandrina Cervantes—Commentary—Chronicle of a Death Foretold â€Å"I dreamed that a woman was coming into the room with a little girl in her arms, and that the child was chewing without stopping to take a breath, and that half-chewed kernels of corn were falling into the woman’s brassiere. The woman said to me: ‘She crunches like a nutty nuthatch, kind of sloppy, kind of slurpy.’ Suddenly I felt the anxious fingers that were undoing the buttons of my shirt, and I caught the dangerous smellRead MoreAnalysis of Cultural Flaw in Chronicle of a Death Foretold1485 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis of Cultural Flaw in Chronicle of a Death Foretold Humanity has built grand and wondrous cultures and societies, for the better of mankind people have devoted themselves to a functional structured society. But have these creations become merely fabrications that hinder one’s true beliefs? Throughout the novel Chronicle of a Death Foretold, author Gabriel Garcia Marquez gives insight into Colombian society. As the story of a murder unravels Marquez projects the themes of honor and fateRead MoreChronicle Of A Death Foretold By Garcia Marquez1134 Words   |  5 Pagesthrough Setting in Garcà ­a Mà ¡rquez’s Chronicle of a Death Foretold Question: How far does setting serve to reinforce or emphasize meanings or themes within Chronicle of a Death Foretold? Work Used: Chronicle of a Death Foretold by Gabriel Garcà ­a Mà ¡rquez In Chronicle of a Death Foretold by Gabriel Garcà ­a Mà ¡rquez, the setting plays a potent role in showing a certain theme. Especially what happens in a certain setting plays a dominant part in developing a theme. Mà ¡rquez is best known for his use of magicalRead MoreChronicle of a Death Foretold Reflective1503 Words   |  7 PagesChronicle of a Death Foretold: Cultural Analysis In America, there is a judicial system that helps justice prevail, to punish criminals, and let the innocent walk. The judicial system allows for there to be a trial where evidence is presented. Through the evidence presented, the jury then decides if the person on trial is innocent or guilty. Never in any trial, in any courthouse, under any judge would it be allowed for a murder to be justified so that one could restore a relative’s honor. HoweverRead MoreChronicle Of A Death Foretold By Gabriel Garcia Marquez1492 Words   |  6 PagesHowever often this may happen, Latin Americans are indeed American. Dealing with this identity crisis, many turned to writing as an outlet. Gabriel Garcia Marquez is a successful author that utilizes this form of expression.Writing Chronicle of a Death Foretold, a story surrounding the true life of a Latin American at an earlier time in history. This enabled Marquez to extract his personal interpretation of America and exaggerate it in such a way that it is unique and believable in comparison to that

Results and Discussion Example Free Essays

Results In this experiment we used paper chromatography to determine the amount of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, xanthophyll, and beta-carotene in a tube of blended leaf extract. We recorded our findings on the table labeled table 1. Table 1 shows the transmittance at each wavelength on a table from 400 to 720. We will write a custom essay sample on Results and Discussion Example or any similar topic only for you Order Now The information on Figure 1 came from the leaf extract on the paper chromatography that we used; with the help of acetone we saw the spectrum and the differences of the different pigments. Percentage transmittance in Table 1 show that the lower the number, the more dense that solution is at that specific wavelength. As the numbers get higher, the less dense it is and if the number is 100 at a specific wavelength then the solution was clear. As we can see from Table 1, each of the pigments had different low transmittance based on how high the absorption was in each of the pigments. For this we calculated that at there was a peak on the graph at the lowest points in table 1. For instance, in the chlorophyll a column in Table 1 the lowest points on the graphs at 8 and 28 and also at 44, which shows that there will be a peak around those points. In chlorophyll b, the lowest points are from 25. 2, 12. 4, and 9. 4, which would be the first peak and the next will be at 55. 6. In Xanthophyll, the points were the first peak will be are 52. 4, 43. 6, 44. 8, and 53. 0. Lastly in Carotene, the graph will peak at 92. 2, 93. 6, and 92. 4. By using these points we predicted the behavior of the graph. TABLE 1| | | Wavelength| Chlorophyll a| Chlorophyll b| Xanthophyll| Carotene| 400| 12| 42| 61. 8| 96. 8| 420| 8| 25. 2| 52. 4| 99. 6| 440| 28| 12. 4| 43. 6| 92. 2| 460| 71. 5| 9. 4| 44. 8| 93. 6| 480| 81| 48. 4| 53| 92. 4| 500| 88| 88. 6| 83. 2| 99. 2| 520| 88| 91. 4| 94. 2| 100| 540| 84. 5| 87. 4| 95. 6| 100| 560| 83| 85. 2| 96. 4| 99. 2| 580| 71. 5| 83. 4| 96. 2| 100| 600| 72. 5| 76. 8| 96| 100| 620| 61. 5| 78. 2| 94. 4| 100| 640| 61. 5| 59. 6| 94. 6| 100| 660| 44| 55. 6| 93. 2| 100| 680| 48. 8| 67. 8| 92. 6| 99. 8| 700| 64. 6| 60| 91. 4| 92. 8| 720| 50. 6| 52. 4| 89| -| On the graph labeled Figure 1, it shows the absorbance of each of the pigments that are shown in Table 1. The difference between Table 1 and Figure 1 is that where table 1 shows the transmittance points of each wavelength of each pigment, Figure 1 shows the absorption peaks of each of the wavelengths. For chlorophyll a, the highest peaks are at 420, but then the graph plummets at around 450 and has another peak between 650 and 700. For chlorophyll b, the highest peaks of absorbance are between 450 and 500 then it makes a big plummet around 500 and has another peak between 640 and 660. For Xanthophyll, the only peak is between 420 and 480, then the graph as minimal movement from there and stays in the 90 range never hitting 100. Lastly, beta-carotene has small peaks at 440 and 460 and then the graph stays almost stagnant at 100. Discussion The purpose of this experiment was to find out why the leaves on a tree changed color in the fall. We predicted that the molecules in the leaves of the tree attributed to the change. We found out that the molecules: Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b, Xanthophyll, and Beta-carotene are the main molecules that reside in a leaf. We also stated that the tree absorbs the elements found in some of these molecules so that they can be used in the spring, when the trees are green once more. This prediction came from when we studied the molecular composition of each of the molecules and correlated the results the experiment and the specific elements that the tree would have needed for another year. The results of this experiment show that at there is less chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in the composition of the leaves that were used. This meant that when the season is changing, the molecules in these structures start to be absorbed back into the tree. This conclusion came from the fact that in table 1 from 420 and 440 Nano meters there was a low transmittance rate of these two molecules, which means that the absorbance rate was high. During the fall season there is not enough sunlight for the trees to perform photosynthesis to make their own food, what a plant needs to survive would be the Magnesium and Nitrogen that are found in the molecular structures of chlorophyll a and b. Therefore they absorb all of these nutrients that the tree needs to survive so that they can make it thorough the winter. Errors could have been made with this experiment. Some of them include that the individuals in different groups did not have the same control as the others. We did not measure the same amount of acetone in each vial nor did we measure how much of the leaf extraction each person used. Another source of error would be how the spectrometer was used, if it was reset the same at each wavelength each time. Compared to previous experiments the information that was collected in this one was accurate. The peaks for each pigment were roughly around the same wavelength. The standard for chlorophyll a was peaks at 430 and 662, chlorophyll b peaks at 453 and 642, xanthophyll a range from 450 to 550 and for the beta-carotene peaks at a range from 450 to 550. Our results were roughly around the same as you can see from Table 1. The end result of the experiment was successful, because of the results that we produced were similar to the results of previous experiments. How to cite Results and Discussion Example, Essay examples

Weakness of State Responsibility Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Weakness of State Responsibility. Answer: Introduction The present question is based on the weak points that are found in case of state responsibility. Therefore, it can be said that the ultimate purpose of the report is to point out the international legal relationship and the various aspect of state responsibility. Before cominginto the point, it is important to understand the various scope and applicability of the principal regarding state responsibility[1]. The meaning of state responsibility can be depicted as follows: Under the international law, it has been stated that state should be held responsible for any wrongful act or any breach to the international obligations that are mentioned under the international law. The state responsibility indicates towards the violation of the legal norms set out byinternational law and the consequence of such violation[2]. Under the process of state responsibility types of legal rules are to be understood. The first one is primary rules that are also known as the substances rules and the other one is secondary rules that are comprised of issues of responsibility. An attempt has been made by these rules to establish the actions regarding the international wrongful acts, situations by which the acts of the officials and private individuals are attributed to the state and defences as against the international liability and the consequence of such liability[3]. It is a fact that the terms state responsibility denotes injuries faced by the enemy countries and the re ciprocal injuries suffered to the enemies . This process involves the relationship between the primary and secondary rules of law. The secondary issues can be gained by way of remedies and the primary issues can be understood by way of tackling the diplomatic protection[4]. Discussion The nature of the state responsibility was growing and it was become necessaryto codify the rules regarding the state responsibility and it was one of the most serious concern of the United Nation. After a hard work of 45 years the nature of state responsibility has become codified through International Law Commission. During the purification process of the state responsibility it becomes necessary to understand the nature of the state responsibility[5]. One of the popular and special report of International Law Commission, F.V.GARCIA of Cuba emphasize the chapter on the state responsibility regarding the injury caused by it to its alien enemy. However it has been observed that in the year 1961 when his membership was stopped his ideas and dolphins was denied by international legal Commission[6]. However, the areas of State responsibility are, for the first time, defined by Roberto Ago of Italy. He had emphasized on the distinction between the legal rules that are based on primary an d secondary rules and also made an attempt to define the organisational structure of state responsibility. An attempt to identify the outcomes of the bleachers regarding the international obligation was made by Gaetano Arangio Ruiz. The idea of this rapporteur has been taken into consideration in the year 1995 and the United Nations general assembly have adopted certain decisions regarding the progression of the state responsibility[7]. In the Law Commission report that was drafted in the year 2001, comprised of certain articles and article 19 of the Commission report was dealing with the provision regarding the state crimes[8]. Grounds of legal obligation Article 19 creates strong implication on the international Unity that can be breached by the wrongful act of a state if it failed to perform the legal obligations mentioned as a crime. It has been stated another article where it has been mentioned that certain acts can be regarded as International crime that are as follows: If an obligation has been violated that has important features regarding the international peace and security; A breach has essential importance against the safeguarding of the rights of self determination of people; If Breach has been made by a state regarding the obligation that has important effect on safeguarding the human being from slavery or genocide; If a breach has been made by the state regarding an obligation that has an effect on human environment and massive pollution to the atmosphere. Attribution It is to be determined that what action of a state can be attracted the provision of state responsibility. One thing is to be kept in mind that there should be a casual connection regarding the injury caused by the state and an official act attributable to the state[9]. It is mentioned under the article that the state should be responsible for every action taken by its officials or organs and the officials of the state will be held liable if it Ultra Vires the provisions of the International Law regarding the public safety or the human rights[10]. There are certain non state actors who play an important role regarding the violation of the international law. These non-states are Al Qaeda, and several non-governmental organisations. It has been observed that all the attributions made by those non-state organisationare creating serious impact on the international community as well as the international integrity to support the benefit of international legal structure. Defences It has been mentioned under the International Law Commission report that is a state held responsible for violation of the international rules it can defend himself under certain provisions of that report. This Grounds can be categorised as article 23 article 25 article 24 and article 21 and article 20. All the provisions are throwing light on the chapters like distress, Self defence, countermeasures and consent[11]. Consequence of breach It is of no doubt to state that violation of international rules is to be considered as one of the international trade that can weaken provision of the international unity and integrity. If a breach has been made as per the provision of article 19 of the International Law Commission report 2001, Saturn liabilities will be imposed on the respective state and that will affect the international community as a whole[12]. The application can be defined as reparation duties made by the state that is mentioned under article 31 of the International Law Commission report. The second entitlements can be defined as a creation of new rights for the NGOs states that has been mentioned under article 42 and 48 of the International Law Commission report. The word reparation means restitution of compensation made by the defendant state and the alien state will be getting much benefit so that they can prepare them self for the development of the standard in general. Provisions of ILC It has been mentioned under article 18 of the International Law Commission report that if our state is a list to coerce the other state regarding matters that has International importance can be fallen within the scope of the state responsibility. Chapter v of the report states certain defences regarding the Alleged state where they can be adopted certain defences regarding the state responsibility. It has been mentioned under article 20 of the report that is a valid consent can be taken by one state to another state and the wrongfulness has been done to that extent to remain within the limits of that consent the state will not be held liable for any such acts. Under article 21 of the report it has been mentioned that it can constitutes art and wrongful acts that violate the principle of international law if it can be done for the process of self-defence. Even under article 12 of the report it has been observed that if the law itself prescribed that a state can take steps against any alien enemy then also the state cannot be responsible for any wrong full at that ensure to the interest of the other states. Weak points: Several articles that were encrypted under the International Law Commission are weak in nature. Under the commission report, part four depicts the provision. It has been mentioned under Article 55 of the report states about the applicability of all the provisions of the commission report and certain limitations are also mentioned in this case. It has been stated that the provisions can only be applicable if the questionable act are governed by the other provision of the international law. It has been stated under the Article 56 that the rules mentioned here are not be able to apply in the matters that are not regulated by this Articles. The rules of the article are only applied to certain specific questions that are included within the periphery of the Article and not beyond to that. Relevant provision is also stated under Article 54 of ILC that the provisions of the Article does not does not take any lawful measures against any state regarding the breach made by a state and it could not able to repatriate the alleged state that intend to injure the interest of the state or the alien state. Conclusion Therefore, from the above mentioned statements it has been observed that certain acts that violate the international rules can be regarded as the state responsibility of the violation has been done by a state in general. There are certain grounds that have been mentioned under the various articles of the International Law Commission report regarding the breach international policies[13]. It has been stated that state responsibility arise only when the acts of the state harms the interest of an alien enemy. Article 19 of the International Law Commission report has stated that there are certain Grounds by which it can be determined that whether or state has been violated the principle of the legal policies or not. Beside this provision, there are certain other provisions that are mentioned under the report that identifies the inability of the report to take strong action against those states that are violated the principles of international law. It is required to implement certain step s so that the suggestion given by the ILC regarding the state responsibility should be imposed on the states that had violated the provisions of international law by affecting the interest of the enemy states. There are many points mentioned under a separate provision of the International Law Commission report 2001 that state should not misuse their position and they are not able to violate the principle of the international law. Reference: Akande, Dapo, and Antonios Tzanakopoulos. "The International Court of Justice and the Concept of Aggression." (2015). ARBITRATION, ADHOC, and I. CASE CONCERNING TERRITORIAL. "Decisions of International Courts and Tribunals."ICLQ57 (2008): 701-709. Bernhardt, Rudolf. "Encyclopedia of public international law." (2013). Byers, Michael. "Terrorism, the use of force and international law after 11 September."International Comparative Law Quarterly51.2 (2012): 401-414. Case, Nicaragua. "Case concerning military and paramilitary activities in and against Nicaragua."Judgement on the Merits(2014). Cohen, Harlan Grant, et al. "Introduction: Legitimacy and International Courts." (2017). Crawford, James, and Thomas D. Grant. "International Court of Justice."The Oxford Handbook on the United Nations(2017). De Brabandere, Eric. "The Use of Precedent and External Case Law by the International Court of Justice and the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea."The Law Practice of International Courts and Tribunals15.1 (2016): 24-55. Dinstein, Yoram.The conduct of hostilities under the law of international armed conflict. Cambridge University Press, 2016. Elias, Taslim.The international court of justice and some contemporary problems: essays on international law. Vol. 2. Springer Science Business Media, 2013. Hargrove, John Lawrence. "The Nicaragua Judgment and the Future of the Law of Force and Self-Defense."American Journal of International Law81.1 (2016): 135-143. Malintoppi, Loretta. "Fact Finding and Evidence Before the International Court of Justice (Notably in Scientific-Related Disputes)."Journal of International Dispute Settlement7.2 (2016): 421-444. MATTERS, MUTUAL ASSISTANCE IN CRIMINAL. "DECISIONS OF INTERNATIONAL COURTS AND TRIBUNALS."ICLQ59 (2010): 193-205. Wellens, Karel. "The International Court of Justice, Back to the Future: Keeping the Dream Alive."Netherlands International Law Review64.2 (2017): 193-212. Wi?niewski, Adam. "International Courts and Legalism in International Law."Polish Review of International and European Law(2017).